一百四十章 推导和推倒

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    长风吹过特斯科科湖边,拂过天火岛上的众人,也吹动少年手中白色的长羽。蓝天白云,湖中岛屿。青烟薄雾,黑衣少年...一切宛如画卷。
    修洛特就端坐在草地上,白纸平放在腿间,下面垫上木板,上方的鹅毛笔轻盈跃动,不时书写着奇异的符号。自从纸张制作完成后,他书写的工具再次得到改进:白纸、鹅毛笔配上蓝墨水,倒是比炭笔和木板精致许多。
    伯塔德沉静的扫过众人,武士们便会意的散开戒备,耐心等待。而看到等候的女工们,武士长思索片刻,眼中忽然一亮。随即,他微笑着招招手,示意陶工少女过来,然后递出手中的墨水陶罐,往后退了十步。
    接过陶罐,塔莱娅眉眼弯弯,绽放出一个笑容。接着,她用白皙的双手捧着蓝墨水罐,抱腿近坐在少年身旁。
    修洛特先是在白纸左侧写下kno3土硝,c木炭,s硫磺,随后在右侧写上n2氮气,co2二氧化碳。接着,他伤感地叹了口气,写下k?s?...当年为什么不好好学习?...
    “k会是k2o吗?s会是so2吗?这里面的氧化和还原究竟是怎么个过程呢...”塔莱娅侧耳倾听,却只听到殿下天神般的呢喃,她忍不住微微起身,靠的更近一些。
    修洛特投入地想了片刻,还是决定从头开始,先把元素周期表写出来。他提笔蘸墨,并没有在意身旁的塔莱娅,只是嗅了嗅淡淡的清香...嗯,这墨水闻起来很舒服。
    随即,少年开头写下一个h,卡壳了好一会,他才流畅的继续写下e、na、mg、al、si、p、s、cl、?、k、ca,后面是...算了,还是给未来的化学家们留点活路。
    修洛特看着自己的杰作,满意而自信的一笑,这将是划时代的贡献,提前改变人类的未来!
    在他身旁,塔莱娅微微张口,浑然忘我的注视着殿下,心动于那一瞬间的自信与张扬。
    畅想片刻,少年开始正式推导火药燃烧反应的完全过程。首先,如果没有o3将加热分解,生成k2o氧化钾n2氮气和o2氧气,配平的话便应该是这样:
    “4kno3→2k2o+2n2↑+5o2↑”
    接下来,修洛特微微沉思,在o2下方,依次写下s和c。火药中有s硫磺和c木炭,但是s硫磺更加活泼,应该先燃烧反应,生成so2或者so3。随后,升温到三四百度时,c木炭才能发生氧化反应,继续放热。
    “咦,k2o加h2o是koh,那么便是强碱性。既然k2o呈强碱性...就优先和酸性氧化物反应,嗯,那应该是so2或者so3...”塔莱娅眼睛睁大,耳朵微动。她看着神秘的符号,盯着殿下的侧脸,幻想着神与王者的沟通。
    修洛特一边认真思索,一边写下方程式。
    “k2o+so2→k2so3...然后再加上o2氧气...不管怎么样,完全氧化后应该都是k2so4...然后呢?然后是什么?”塔莱娅听出了殿下话语中的苦恼,似乎天神的沟通并不顺利?她便也担心起来。
    少年再次陷入沉思。他用手撑住额头,仔细想了许久,这时候燃烧的温度应该非常之高,足够c单质进行氧化反应,那么k2so4中的六价s便应该被c进行还原。在c充足的条件下,s应该被还原到负二价,正好和k组合。
    斟酌再三,修洛特才继续写到。
    “k2so4+2c→k2s+2co2↑”
    至此,所有的中间步骤都被大致连接上。少年投入地想了想,先是不稳定的kno3土硝分解,然后是低燃点的s硫磺氧化,持续升温后,才是高燃点的c氧化放热。整个反应会产生大量的气体,也释放出巨大的热量。在燃烧中,so2是前期的氧化产物,而在最佳完全配比时,最终产物便是k2s!
    逻辑上没有问题,修洛特再次自信一笑。他提笔蘸了蘸墨水,又深吸了一口清香。
    “2kno3+3c+s=k2s+n2↑+3co2↑”
    这才是黑火药完全燃烧反应时的最佳配比。反应式中反应物的质量比例,正是黑火药中三种原料的重量比例!
    随后,少年再次专注地计算起摩尔质量,kno3中氮14,氧16,钾...钾比钙稍小,钙40,钾应该是39,那么2kno3为202,3c为52,s为32。
    因此,根据计算结果,黑火药最佳的比例应是:土硝202,硫磺32,木炭52,即74.6%,11.9%,13.5%。而在实际爆炸中,木炭往往并不能完全燃烧,所以应略多一些,取代硫磺,变为75:10:15,也就是15份土硝,2份硫磺,3份木炭!
    修洛特再回头看看“一硝二磺三木炭”的口诀,此时才发现,其中硝石的“一”是应是指1斤,而且是旧斤的16两,而硫磺的“二”是2两,木
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